The TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is used for breaking data down into an IP packet before they are sent, and assembling the packets when they arrive.
The IP (Internet Protocol) takes care of the communication with other computers and for the sending and receiving data packets.
The HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) takes care of the communication between a web server and the web browser and also for sending requests from a client (a browser) to a web server, returning web content (web pages) from the server back to the client.
The SMTP (Simple MailTransfer Protocol) is used for the transmission of e-mails.
The FTP (File Transfer Protocol) takes care of transmission of files between computers.
GUI stands for Graphical User Interface.
Before GUI was around people used batch processing to interact with the computer. it was when users would manually enter programs.
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. The first part of the address indicates what protocol to use for example http, and the second part specifies the domain name for example google.com, where the resource is located.
In the context of data transmission error detection is a class of techniques for detecting garbled messages. One common method of error detection is checksum. Each transmitted message is accompanied by a numerical value based on the number of set bits in the message. The receiving station then applies the same formula to the message and checks to make sure the accompaning numerical value is the same. If not, the receiver can assume the message has been garbled.
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. It's the language used to create documents on the web. HTML defines the structure and layout of the web document.
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